Mercury-Redstone 4 - Virgil Grissom (1961)
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Je cherche des documents et témoignages concernant l'état d'esprit et le ressenti de Gus Grissom après son incident, et comment il s'en est sorti psychologiquement. Existe-t-il aussi un rapport de la commission d'enquête disponible à tous ?
Merci d'avance !
Merci d'avance !
Moi je me demande si cela a été aussi dramatique qu'à voulu le faire croire le film L'étoffe des héros.
Pas que cela aurait pu couter la vie à Gusmais au fait qu'ils le fasse passé pour un gars qui panique en ayant du mal à retirer son casque, qui devient parano sur le porte avion, devant le médecin et devant la commission d'enquète. Idem a-t-il du se contenté d'une décoration dans une base de l'USAF plutot qu'une décoration à la maison blanche ?
Bref ce film a voulu le faire passer pour un psycho alors que 'était un sacré bonhomme. Ce n'est d'ailleurs pas pour rien qu'il fut par la suite le premier à tester Gemini et Apollo.
Donc, ce film a-t-il été exagéré ment dramatique pou les faits ont ils été aussi noir après son vol suborbital ?
Pas que cela aurait pu couter la vie à Gusmais au fait qu'ils le fasse passé pour un gars qui panique en ayant du mal à retirer son casque, qui devient parano sur le porte avion, devant le médecin et devant la commission d'enquète. Idem a-t-il du se contenté d'une décoration dans une base de l'USAF plutot qu'une décoration à la maison blanche ?
Bref ce film a voulu le faire passer pour un psycho alors que 'était un sacré bonhomme. Ce n'est d'ailleurs pas pour rien qu'il fut par la suite le premier à tester Gemini et Apollo.
Donc, ce film a-t-il été exagéré ment dramatique pou les faits ont ils été aussi noir après son vol suborbital ?
En fait je m'interroge là dessus non pas grâce la grosse caricature du film, mais surtout grâce au fait que j'ai regardé tout son vol et sa récupération dans le Mercury Pack de Spacecraftfilms. J'ai déjà vu que son rythme cardiaque a réellement été très rapide pendant la phase propulsée, mais étrangement sa voix est très calme durant tout l'enregistrement.
Sur le porte-avion, il est vite allé en cabine où il a passé un coup de fil, il se change puis redécolle pour le Cape. Du moins c'est ce qu'on voit, et on voit aussi, ce qui se comprend, qu'il a bien du mal à sourire après sa mésaventure. Ce n'est pas le coté mélodrame qui me tarabusque, c'est comment un astronaute peut vivre ce qu'il a ressenti comme un échec, et comment il s'est rattrapé par la suite !
De plus, j'aurais aimé avoir des détails techniques sur les causes probables de l'incident.
Je n'ai jamais considéré Grissom comme un mauvais, surtout parce que tout son entourage professionnel l'a toujours considéré comme un homme fiable, et surtout car il a fait ses preuves par la suite !
Sur le porte-avion, il est vite allé en cabine où il a passé un coup de fil, il se change puis redécolle pour le Cape. Du moins c'est ce qu'on voit, et on voit aussi, ce qui se comprend, qu'il a bien du mal à sourire après sa mésaventure. Ce n'est pas le coté mélodrame qui me tarabusque, c'est comment un astronaute peut vivre ce qu'il a ressenti comme un échec, et comment il s'est rattrapé par la suite !
De plus, j'aurais aimé avoir des détails techniques sur les causes probables de l'incident.
Je n'ai jamais considéré Grissom comme un mauvais, surtout parce que tout son entourage professionnel l'a toujours considéré comme un homme fiable, et surtout car il a fait ses preuves par la suite !
Un petit teste en anglais (j'ai pas eu le courage de le traduire) sur la fin du vol MR4
A "clunk" confirmed that the landing bag had dropped in preparation for impact. Grissom then removed his oxygen hose and opened his visor but deliberately left the suit ventilation hose attached. Impact was milder than he had expected, although the capsule heeled over in the water until Grissom was lying on his left side. He thought he was facing downward. The capsule gradually righted itself, and, as the window cleared the water, Grissom jettisoned the reserve parachute and activated the rescue aids switch. Liberty Bell 7 still appeared watertight, although it was rolling badly with the swells.
Preparing for recovery, he disconnected his helmet and checked himself for debarkation. The neck dam did not unroll easily; Grissom tinkered with his suit collar to ensure his buoyancy if he had to get out of the spacecraft quickly. When the recovery helicopters, which had taken to the air at launch time and visually followed the contrails and parachute descent, were still about two miles (3 km) [373] from the impact point, which was only three miles (5 km) beyond the bullseye, Lieutenant James L. Lewis, pilot of the primary recovery helicopter, radioed Grissom to ask if he was ready for pickup. He replied that he wanted them to wait five minutes while he recorded his cockpit panel data. Using a grease pencil with the pressure suit gloves was awkward, and several times the suit ventilation caused the neck dam to balloon, but the pilot simply placed his finger between neck and dam to allow the air to escape.
After logging the panel data, Grissom asked the helicopters to begin the approach for pickup. He removed the pin from the hatch-cover detonator and lay back in the dry couch. "I was lying there, minding my own business," he said afterward, "when I heard a dull thud." The hatch cover blew away, and salt water swished into the capsule as it bobbed in the ocean. The third man to return from space was faced with the first serious emergency; Liberty Bell 7 was shipping water and sinking fast.
Grissom had difficulty recollecting his actions at this point, but he was certain that he had not touched the hatch-activation plunger. He doffed his helmet, grasped the instrument panel with his right hand, and scurried out the sloshing hatchway. Floating in the sea, he was thankful that he had unbuckled himself earlier from most of his harness, including the chest restraints. Otherwise he might not have been able to abandon ship.
Lieutenant John Reinhard, copilot of the nearest recovery helicopter, reported afterward that the choppers were making their final approach for pickup. He was preparing to cut the capsule's antenna whip (according to a new procedure) with a squib-actuated cutter at the end of a pole, when he saw the hatch cover fly off, strike the water at a distance of about five feet (1.5 m) from the hatch, and then go skipping over the waves. Next he saw Grissom's head appear, and the astronaut began climbing through the hatch. Once out, the pressure-suited spaceman swam away.
Instead of turning his attention to Grissom, Lewis completed his approach to the sinking spacecraft, as both he and Reinhard were intent on capsule recovery. This action was a conditioned reflex based on past training experience. While training off the Virginia beaches the helicopter pilots had noted that the astronauts seemed at home in and to enjoy the water. So Reinhard quickly clipped the high-frequency antenna as soon as the helicopter reached Liberty Bell 7. Throwing aside the antenna cutting device, Reinhard picked up the shepherd's hook recovery pole and carefully threaded the crook through the recovery loop on top of the capsule. By this time Lewis had lowered the helicopter to assist Reinhard in his task to a point that the chopper's three wheels were in the water. Liberty Bell 7 sank out of sight, but the pickup pole twanged as the attached cable went taut, indicating to the helicopter pilots that they had made their catch.
Reinhard immediately prepared to pass the floating astronaut the personnel hoist. But at that moment Lewis called a warning that a detector light had flashed on the instrument panel, indicating that metal chips were in the oil sump [375] because of engine strain. Considering the implication of impending engine failure, Lewis told Reinhard to retract the personnel hoist while he called the second chopper to retrieve the pilot.
Meanwhile Grissom, having made certain that he was not snared by any lines, noticed that the primary helicopter was having trouble raising the submerged spacecraft. He swam back to the capsule to see if he could assist but found the cable properly attached. When he looked up for the personnel line, he saw the helicopter start to move away.
Suddenly Grissom realized that he was not riding as high in the water as he had been. All the time he had been in the water he kept feeling air escape through the neck dam. The more air he lost, the less buoyancy he had. Moreover, he had forgotten to secure his suit inlet valve. Swimming was becoming difficult, and now with the second helicopter moving in he found the rotor wash between the two aircraft was making swimming more difficult. Bobbing under the waves, Grissom was scared, angry, and looking for a swimmer from one of the helicopters to help him tread water. Then he caught sight of a familiar face, that of George Cox, aboard the second helicopter. Cox was the copilot who had retrieved both the chimpanzee Ham and Astronaut Shepard. With his head barely above water, Grissom found the sight of Cox heartening.
Cox tossed the "horse-collar" lifeline straight to Grissom, who immediately wrapped himself into the sling backwards. Lack of orthodoxy mattered little to Grissom now, for he was on his way to the safety of the helicopter, even though swells dunked him twice more before he got aboard. His first thought was to get a life preserver on. Grissom had been either swimming or floating for a period of only four or five minutes, "although it seemed like an eternity to me," as he said afterward.
As the first helicopter moved away from Grissom, it struggled valiantly to raise the spacecraft high enough to drain the water from the impact bag. Once the capsule was almost clear of the water, but like an anchor it prevented the helicopter from moving forward. The flooded Liberty Bell 7 weighed over 5,000 pounds (2,300 kg), a thousand pounds (450 kg) beyond the helicopter's lifting capacity. The pilot, watching his insistent red warning light, decided not to chance losing two craft in one day. He finally cast loose, allowing the spacecraft to sink swiftly. Martin Byrnes, aboard the carrier, suggested that a marker be placed at the point so that the capsule might be recovered later. Rear Admiral J. E. Clark advised Byrnes that in that area the depth was about 2,800 fathoms (5.1 km).
Substantial controversy ensued as Grissom reported that the hatch had blown prematurely without his authorization. Engineering teams concluded this was unlikely. Mrs. Grissom was not invited to the White House as per the forming tradition with Shepherd's wife upon his successful mission completion. Subsequent independent technical review of the incident has raised doubts as to the veracity of the incident report conclusions that Grissom blew the hatch and was responsible for the loss of the spacecraft. There is strong evidence that the Astronaut Office didn't accept Grissom's guilt in the fact that he was chosen to command the first Gemini flight.
Several years later, during an interview on April 12, 1965, Grissom said he thought the hatch may have been triggered because the external release lanyard came loose. On Liberty Bell 7, the external release lanyard was only held in place by a single screw. It was better secured on later flights.
Liberty Bell 7 remained more than 15,000 feet (4.5 km) deep on the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean until July 20, 1999, when it was raised by a team led by Curt Newport. It is now part of the collection of the Kansas Cosmosphere and Space Center in Hutchinson, Kansas. The capsule's hatch was not found.
Ironically, the inability to open a hatch swiftly contributed to the death of Grissom, as well as Ed White and Roger B. Chaffee, in the Apollo 1 launch-pad fire.
A "clunk" confirmed that the landing bag had dropped in preparation for impact. Grissom then removed his oxygen hose and opened his visor but deliberately left the suit ventilation hose attached. Impact was milder than he had expected, although the capsule heeled over in the water until Grissom was lying on his left side. He thought he was facing downward. The capsule gradually righted itself, and, as the window cleared the water, Grissom jettisoned the reserve parachute and activated the rescue aids switch. Liberty Bell 7 still appeared watertight, although it was rolling badly with the swells.
Preparing for recovery, he disconnected his helmet and checked himself for debarkation. The neck dam did not unroll easily; Grissom tinkered with his suit collar to ensure his buoyancy if he had to get out of the spacecraft quickly. When the recovery helicopters, which had taken to the air at launch time and visually followed the contrails and parachute descent, were still about two miles (3 km) [373] from the impact point, which was only three miles (5 km) beyond the bullseye, Lieutenant James L. Lewis, pilot of the primary recovery helicopter, radioed Grissom to ask if he was ready for pickup. He replied that he wanted them to wait five minutes while he recorded his cockpit panel data. Using a grease pencil with the pressure suit gloves was awkward, and several times the suit ventilation caused the neck dam to balloon, but the pilot simply placed his finger between neck and dam to allow the air to escape.
After logging the panel data, Grissom asked the helicopters to begin the approach for pickup. He removed the pin from the hatch-cover detonator and lay back in the dry couch. "I was lying there, minding my own business," he said afterward, "when I heard a dull thud." The hatch cover blew away, and salt water swished into the capsule as it bobbed in the ocean. The third man to return from space was faced with the first serious emergency; Liberty Bell 7 was shipping water and sinking fast.
Grissom had difficulty recollecting his actions at this point, but he was certain that he had not touched the hatch-activation plunger. He doffed his helmet, grasped the instrument panel with his right hand, and scurried out the sloshing hatchway. Floating in the sea, he was thankful that he had unbuckled himself earlier from most of his harness, including the chest restraints. Otherwise he might not have been able to abandon ship.
Lieutenant John Reinhard, copilot of the nearest recovery helicopter, reported afterward that the choppers were making their final approach for pickup. He was preparing to cut the capsule's antenna whip (according to a new procedure) with a squib-actuated cutter at the end of a pole, when he saw the hatch cover fly off, strike the water at a distance of about five feet (1.5 m) from the hatch, and then go skipping over the waves. Next he saw Grissom's head appear, and the astronaut began climbing through the hatch. Once out, the pressure-suited spaceman swam away.
Instead of turning his attention to Grissom, Lewis completed his approach to the sinking spacecraft, as both he and Reinhard were intent on capsule recovery. This action was a conditioned reflex based on past training experience. While training off the Virginia beaches the helicopter pilots had noted that the astronauts seemed at home in and to enjoy the water. So Reinhard quickly clipped the high-frequency antenna as soon as the helicopter reached Liberty Bell 7. Throwing aside the antenna cutting device, Reinhard picked up the shepherd's hook recovery pole and carefully threaded the crook through the recovery loop on top of the capsule. By this time Lewis had lowered the helicopter to assist Reinhard in his task to a point that the chopper's three wheels were in the water. Liberty Bell 7 sank out of sight, but the pickup pole twanged as the attached cable went taut, indicating to the helicopter pilots that they had made their catch.
Reinhard immediately prepared to pass the floating astronaut the personnel hoist. But at that moment Lewis called a warning that a detector light had flashed on the instrument panel, indicating that metal chips were in the oil sump [375] because of engine strain. Considering the implication of impending engine failure, Lewis told Reinhard to retract the personnel hoist while he called the second chopper to retrieve the pilot.
Meanwhile Grissom, having made certain that he was not snared by any lines, noticed that the primary helicopter was having trouble raising the submerged spacecraft. He swam back to the capsule to see if he could assist but found the cable properly attached. When he looked up for the personnel line, he saw the helicopter start to move away.
Suddenly Grissom realized that he was not riding as high in the water as he had been. All the time he had been in the water he kept feeling air escape through the neck dam. The more air he lost, the less buoyancy he had. Moreover, he had forgotten to secure his suit inlet valve. Swimming was becoming difficult, and now with the second helicopter moving in he found the rotor wash between the two aircraft was making swimming more difficult. Bobbing under the waves, Grissom was scared, angry, and looking for a swimmer from one of the helicopters to help him tread water. Then he caught sight of a familiar face, that of George Cox, aboard the second helicopter. Cox was the copilot who had retrieved both the chimpanzee Ham and Astronaut Shepard. With his head barely above water, Grissom found the sight of Cox heartening.
Cox tossed the "horse-collar" lifeline straight to Grissom, who immediately wrapped himself into the sling backwards. Lack of orthodoxy mattered little to Grissom now, for he was on his way to the safety of the helicopter, even though swells dunked him twice more before he got aboard. His first thought was to get a life preserver on. Grissom had been either swimming or floating for a period of only four or five minutes, "although it seemed like an eternity to me," as he said afterward.
As the first helicopter moved away from Grissom, it struggled valiantly to raise the spacecraft high enough to drain the water from the impact bag. Once the capsule was almost clear of the water, but like an anchor it prevented the helicopter from moving forward. The flooded Liberty Bell 7 weighed over 5,000 pounds (2,300 kg), a thousand pounds (450 kg) beyond the helicopter's lifting capacity. The pilot, watching his insistent red warning light, decided not to chance losing two craft in one day. He finally cast loose, allowing the spacecraft to sink swiftly. Martin Byrnes, aboard the carrier, suggested that a marker be placed at the point so that the capsule might be recovered later. Rear Admiral J. E. Clark advised Byrnes that in that area the depth was about 2,800 fathoms (5.1 km).
Substantial controversy ensued as Grissom reported that the hatch had blown prematurely without his authorization. Engineering teams concluded this was unlikely. Mrs. Grissom was not invited to the White House as per the forming tradition with Shepherd's wife upon his successful mission completion. Subsequent independent technical review of the incident has raised doubts as to the veracity of the incident report conclusions that Grissom blew the hatch and was responsible for the loss of the spacecraft. There is strong evidence that the Astronaut Office didn't accept Grissom's guilt in the fact that he was chosen to command the first Gemini flight.
Several years later, during an interview on April 12, 1965, Grissom said he thought the hatch may have been triggered because the external release lanyard came loose. On Liberty Bell 7, the external release lanyard was only held in place by a single screw. It was better secured on later flights.
Liberty Bell 7 remained more than 15,000 feet (4.5 km) deep on the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean until July 20, 1999, when it was raised by a team led by Curt Newport. It is now part of the collection of the Kansas Cosmosphere and Space Center in Hutchinson, Kansas. The capsule's hatch was not found.
Ironically, the inability to open a hatch swiftly contributed to the death of Grissom, as well as Ed White and Roger B. Chaffee, in the Apollo 1 launch-pad fire.
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Il y a 47 ans, Gus Grissom décollait à bord de Liberty Bell 7 pour un petit vol suborbital d'une quinzaine de minutes. Vol qui faillit se terminé tragiquement (mais le destin rattrapa Grissom moins de 6 ans après) .
Mais les Etats-Unis étaient prêt (enfin presque) pour passer au vol orbital. Glenn et Friendship 7 allait suivre quelques mois plus tard
Mais les Etats-Unis étaient prêt (enfin presque) pour passer au vol orbital. Glenn et Friendship 7 allait suivre quelques mois plus tard
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spacemen1969 a écrit:Il y a 47 ans, Gus Grissom décollait à bord de Liberty Bell 7 pour un petit vol suborbital d'une quinzaine de minutes...
Avec un "surprenant" collecteur d'urine...
Lorsqu'on lui avait montré la capsule Mercury pour la première fois, le président Truman avait soulevé une question, il avait demandé:
" Mais comment font-ils pour pisser ? "
La question avait semé la confusion parmi les responsables du programme. Finalement, quelqu'un s'était résolu à répondre:
" Euh, monsieur le président, ils ne pissent pas..."
Truman était reparti, convaincu que les ingénieurs de l'aérospatiale du pays avaient un grain. Depuis la malheureuse expérience d'Alan Shepard, qui avait du se soulager dans sa combinaison de vol, Gus cherchait désespérément une réponse à la question du président Truman.
Le médecin des vols, Bill Douglas, qui savait très bien que Gus ne lâcherait pas avant d'avoir trouvé, chercha une solution immédiate. Il envoya l'infirmière des astronautes, Dee O'Hara, à Cocoa Beach pour acheter une gaine-culotte. Il pensait que ce sous-vêtement bien ajusté pourrait également faire office de... récipient. Gus, qui parut d'abord atterré par cette "solution médicale" murmura finalement:
" Oh, et puis merde, j'ai vu pire comme bricolage à la noix... "
C'est ainsi qu'en grimpant à bord de Mercury, il devint le premier homme à se risquer dans l'espace dans des sous-vêtements de femme... :megalol: :megalol: :megalol:
Je me réveille, je jette un coup d'oeil et que vois-je :affraid: :affraid:
T'es sur de ton coup avec Truman :???: :???: :???: Il n'était plus président depuis longtemps (1945-1953)
Bon je me recouche :sleep: :sleep:
T'es sur de ton coup avec Truman :???: :???: :???: Il n'était plus président depuis longtemps (1945-1953)
Bon je me recouche :sleep: :sleep:
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spacemen1969 a écrit:Je me réveille, je jette un coup d'oeil et que vois-je :affraid: :affraid:
T'es sur de ton coup avec Truman :???: :???: :???: Il n'était plus président depuis longtemps (1945-1953)
Bon je me recouche :sleep: :sleep:
Du moins c'est ce qui est écrit dans le livre... ET puis président un jour président toujours ;)
Apolloman a écrit:
Du moins c'est ce qui est écrit dans le livre... ET puis président un jour président toujours ;)
ça y est je suis réveillé :blbl:
Moi, dans les quelques ouvrages que j'ai, on parle du Vice-Président Johnson (celui du Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center) qui effectivement devint président en succédant à Kennedy
Mais je vais encore chercher. J'ai toute la nuit puisque je travaille :blbl:
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De la version française ?
Je vérifierai la version originale lorsque le rentre à la maison demain (enfin ce matin)
Je vérifierai la version originale lorsque le rentre à la maison demain (enfin ce matin)
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spacemen1969 a écrit:De la version française ?
Je vérifierai la version originale lorsque le rentre à la maison demain (enfin ce matin)
Oui enfin tout à l'heure, quoi :megalol: ;)
Tu fais quoi comme boulot?
Réponse envoyée par Messagerie :)
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J'ai plusieurs sources qui me disent Johnson. J'eesaie de faire un récap au plus vite (extrait de texte, journaux, etc..) qi parlent de cette anecdote afin de te l'envoyer. Mieux vaut plusieurs sources concordantes et un peu de temps :blbl:
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spacemen1969 a écrit:J'ai plusieurs sources qui me disent Johnson. J'eesaie de faire un récap au plus vite (extrait de texte, journaux, etc..) qi parlent de cette anecdote afin de te l'envoyer. Mieux vaut plusieurs sources concordantes et un peu de temps :blbl:
Ok mais l'aimerais bien lire s'il te plais le passage du livre Moon shoot le décrivant
Comme je te disais, il faut que je le retrouve (le passage) et donc que je le relise :) Mais peut-être qu'un membre du forum sait à quel page se trouve le passage (dans la version original en anglais) et alors là je n'aurai pas besoin de le relire :D
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spacemen1969 a écrit:Comme je te disais, il faut que je le retrouve (le passage) et donc que je le relise :) Mais peut-être qu'un membre du forum sait à quel page se trouve le passage (dans la version original en anglais) et alors là je n'aurai pas besoin de le relire :D
J'ai essayer à tout hasard sur Google book mais bon... Nada :|
En voyant cette photo de la capsule de Gus Grissom remontée du fond de l'océan, je me demande si on a pu avoir des données concernant l'ouverture intempestive de cette trappe ?
On en a déjà parlé ? je ne m'en souviens plus ... et pas trouvé d'info sur FCS ...
On en a déjà parlé ? je ne m'en souviens plus ... et pas trouvé d'info sur FCS ...
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Blog sur le suivi du développement d'Orion
Peut-être dans le livre sur cette mission qui vient de sortir: http://www.amazon.com/Liberty-Bell-Suborbital-Springer-Exploration/dp/3319043900/
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wakka a écrit:En voyant cette photo de la capsule de Gus Grissom remontée du fond de l'océan, je me demande si on a pu avoir des données concernant l'ouverture intempestive de cette trappe ?
Sauf erreur, rien de neuf.
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peut etre que seul Grissom aurait pu investiguer sa capsule récupérer et donner une réponse ; mais presque 40 ans sous l'eau !!! mission impossible
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Il s'agit de la trappe du périscope. Ce n'est pas par là que l'eau s'est engouffrée dans la capsule, mais par l'écoutille d'accès.
BBspace- Donateur
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